Watch for new wind slab formation throughout the weekend.
Confidence
Moderate - Due to the number of field observations
Weather Forecast
Expect 10-20cm of new snow to fall between Friday night and Saturday. An additional 5cm may fall on Sunday, while isolated flurries and sunny breaks are forecast for Monday. Winds on Saturday will be strong from the southwest, and then drop to light and northwesterly for Sunday and Monday. Freezing levels should hover between 500-700m for the entire forecast period.
Avalanche Summary
Backcountry avalanche observations were extremely limited during this week's storm; however, wet slab, loose wet and storm slab avalanches to size 3.5 were noted. I'm sure the storm also triggered a few persistent slab avalanches. We'll know more about that as operators are able to get out and make observations over the next few days. Moving forward, there will likely be a shift to wind slab activity with wind and snow forecast for the weekend.
Snowpack Summary
On Wednesday night and Thursday morning, heavy snowfall and strong winds continued to form deep and dense storm slabs in high elevation terrain and cause substantial cornice growth. The snow line fluctuated a great deal during the storm which dropped around 80mm of precipitation throughout the region. At treeline and below, heavy rain saturated the snowpack. With forecast cooling, slopes at these elevation bands may now be sporting a hard crust. Where it still exists, the mid-January surface hoar layer is between 100 and 180 cm below the surface. The combination of heavy storm loading and warm temperatures has likely flushed out this weak layer in most areas. In the wake of the storm, there will still be some uncertainty regarding the reactivity and distribution of this destructive persistent avalanche problem, especially at high elevations in the north of the region where continued reactivity at this interface has been observed. New snow and wind on Friday night and Saturday will form new wind slabs in high elevation lee terrain.
Problems
Wind Slabs
Wind Slab avalanches are the release of a cohesive layer of snow (a slab) formed by the wind. Wind typically transports snow from the upwind sides of terrain features and deposits snow on the downwind side. Wind slabs are often smooth and rounded and sometimes sound hollow, and can range from soft to hard. Wind slabs that form over a persistent weak layer (surface hoar, depth hoar, or near-surface facets) may be termed Persistent Slabs or may develop into Persistent Slabs.
Cornices
Cornice Fall is the release of an overhanging mass of snow that forms as the wind moves snow over a sharp terrain feature, such as a ridge, and deposits snow on the downwind (leeward) side. Cornices range in size from small wind drifts of soft snow to large overhangs of hard snow that are 30 feet (10 meters) or taller. They can break off the terrain suddenly and pull back onto the ridge top and catch people by surprise even on the flat ground above the slope. Even small cornices can have enough mass to be destructive and deadly. Cornice Fall can entrain loose surface snow or trigger slab avalanches.
Persistent Slabs
Persistent Slab avalanches are the release of a cohesive layer of snow (a slab) in the middle to upper snowpack, when the bond to an underlying persistent weak layer breaks. Persistent layers include: surface hoar, depth hoar, near-surface facets, or faceted snow. Persistent weak layers can continue to produce avalanches for days, weeks or even months, making them especially dangerous and tricky. As additional snow and wind events build a thicker slab on top of the persistent weak layer, this avalanche problem may develop into a Deep Persistent Slab.