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Avalanche Forecast

Archived

Dec 18th, 2018–Dec 19th, 2018

Alpine
Natural avalanches possible, human triggered probable.
Treeline
Natural avalanches possible, human triggered probable.
Below Treeline
Natural avalanches possible, human triggered probable.
Alpine
Natural avalanches possible, human triggered probable.
Treeline
Natural avalanches possible, human triggered probable.
Below Treeline
Natural avalanches possible, human triggered probable.

Regions

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This is a good time to be patient and keep your terrain very conservative. You can trigger avalanches in the new snow on open slopes greater than 35 degrees. Avalanches could step down into deeper snow layers causing very large and destructive avalanches.

Discussion

Avalanche Summary

Reports of natural and triggered avalanches continue in the adjacent Mt. Baker area. Periods of clear skies over the weekend allowed observers to view evidence of a unique and impressive avalanche cycle. Numerous avalanches were very large and destructive (some could destroy a house). Several ran full track to valley bottom. Many had very wide propagation (up to ¼ mile). The majority of avalanches failed on a weak layer (surface hoar and/or facets) buried 4-6 ft deep.

Snowpack Discussion

Regional Synopsis: December 18, 2018

Why has the avalanche danger been so high for so long? Two reasons: A very active and wet weather pattern and widespread persistent weak layer.

For perspective, the approximate snow totals from 12/9-12/18 are:

  • Mt Baker: 93”

  • Washington Pass: 45”

  • Stevens Pass: 66” mid-mountain

  • Snoqualmie Pass: 59” mid-mountain

  • Crystal Mountain 57” Green Valley

  • Paradise: 70”

  • Mt Hood Meadows: 37” mid-mountain

  • Olympics: 20”

In many areas, a layer of buried surface hoar and/or weak sugary facets was buried on December 9th. This layer has been the cause in numerous natural, explosive, and skier triggered avalanches. As this layer gets deeper it gets harder to assess … in short, the scenario is tricky and getting more dangerous by the day.

Higher snow totals along the Hwy 542 corridor /Mt Baker area have driven several avalanche cycles during this period. Loading from recent storms has been more incremental to the east and south and we have not yet experienced a widespread cycle …

When will we reach the breaking point? It’s hard to say. What we do know is we have a deep weak layer, reports of very large explosives triggered slides at Mission Ridge and Crystal Mountain, and more storms on the way.

Be patient and continue to stick to lower angle slopes with nothing above you.  This is a good time to avoid areas where avalanches can start, run, and stop.

We’d like to thank all of you who have sent NWAC your observations. If you are out in the mountains, let us know what you see.

 

Problems

Storm Slabs

Storm Slab avalanches are the release of a cohesive layer (a slab) of new snow that breaks within new snow or on the old snow surface. Storm-slabs typically last between a few hours and few days (following snowfall). Storm-slabs that form over a persistent weak layer (surface hoar, depth hoar, or near-surface facets) may be termed Persistent Slabs or may develop into Persistent Slabs.

Deep Persistent Slabs

Deep Persistent Slab avalanches are the release of a thick cohesive layer of hard snow (a slab), when the bond breaks between the slab and an underlying persistent weak layer deep in the snowpack. The most common persistent weak layers involved in deep, persistent slabs are depth hoar or facets surrounding a deeply buried crust. Deep Persistent Slabs are typically hard to trigger, are very destructive and dangerous due to the large mass of snow involved, and can persist for months once developed. They are often triggered from areas where the snow is shallow and weak, and are particularly difficult to forecast for and manage.