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Archived

Avalanche Forecast

Feb 22nd, 2014–Feb 23rd, 2014
Alpine
3: Considerable
The avalanche danger rating in the alpine will be considerable
Treeline
3: Considerable
The avalanche danger rating at treeline will be considerable
Below Treeline
2: Moderate
The avalanche danger rating below treeline will be moderate
Alpine
3: Considerable
The avalanche danger rating in the alpine will be considerable
Treeline
3: Considerable
The avalanche danger rating at treeline will be considerable
Below Treeline
2: Moderate
The avalanche danger rating below treeline will be moderate

Regions: Olympics.

Watch for sensitive shallow new storm slab formed Saturday night and Sunday morning and sensitive older wind slab on lee aspects. Give recently formed cornices a wide berth and minimize travel under slopes with large overhanging cornices.  

Detailed Forecast

A system passing through in Northwest flow Saturday night and Sunday morning should transition to generally light snow showers by mid-day Sunday. A warm front approaching from the west should hold off on producing another round of moderate snow until late Sunday afternoon.

Generally shallow, new storm slab formed Saturday night and Sunday may be sensitive during slight warming Sunday as denser snow layers on top of lower density snow from Saturday night. 

Overall the snow received over the last 2 weeks continues to settle and stabilize. Human triggered large or very large avalanches are becoming unlikely but are still high consequence if able to step down to poorly bonded previous storm or wind layers. Cornices have grown large and are still reported to be sensitive. A cornice failure could provide a large enough natural trigger to trigger a large and destructive avalanche. 

There's plenty of new snow to go around...continue your careful snow pack evaluation and cautious terrain selections on Sunday.

Snowpack Discussion

Recent Northwest Weather

An extended mild and dry period occurred the latter half of January generally causing a crust to form in all areas. Very cold weather followed in early February which generally produced low density snowfall and faceting near and just above the crust.

Friday afternoon through Saturday morning was the first relative break in a seemingly endless storm cycle over the last two weeks. Constant frontal systems produced periods of strong winds and heavy snowfall. The water equivalent over the past 12 days is about 7 inches with snowfall about 5.5 feet at the NWAC weather station at Hurricane Ridge.

Observations for Washington Cascades near and west of the crest

Several avalanche cycles have been seen in the last 2 weeks. The forecast attention near and west of the crest including the Olympics will be focused on recent storm and wind layers.  The last natural cycle likely occurred during the middle of the week when the road was closed. NPS employees found avalanche debris up to 8' deep just off the Hurricane Ridge road at 3600 feet while plowing the road Thursday. The start zone was likely in the near-treeline zone on a S-SE aspect. 

The late January crust layer and associated weak layers are now deeply buried by all the new storm snow, but still producing areas of collapsing and large whumpfing as reported in a NE meadow below treeline by a frequent TAY-er in the Hurricane Ridge area. The same skier had pictures of some very large cornice collapses.

On Friday NWAC observer Katy Reid Friday found stubborn but still possible to ski trigger wind slab on northerly aspects above treeline. She also observed quickly releasing wet loose avalanches on below treeline on solar aspects reacting to the strengthening February sunshine. Finally, new surface hoar around 4mm thick formed on all wind and sun sheltered aspects near and below treeline and may have been buried by the light new snow with little wind Saturday. 

Road side roller balls and small wet loose on solar slopes at Hurricane on Friday by Katy Reid.

The mid and base pack at Hurricane should still consist of mostly stable crusts and melt form layers from periods of warm weather earlier this winter.

Keep an eye on your riding partner until the deep new snow further settles and the risk of SIS subsides. 

Avalanche Problems

Wind Slabs

Release of a cohesive layer of snow (a slab) formed by the wind. Wind typically transports snow from the upwind sides of terrain features and deposits snow on the downwind side. Wind slabs are often smooth and rounded and sometimes sound hollow, and can range from soft to hard. Wind slabs that form over a persistent weak layer (surface hoar, depth hoar, or near-surface facets) may be termed Persistent Slabs or may develop into Persistent Slabs.

 

Wind Slabs form in specific areas, and are confined to lee and cross-loaded terrain features. They can be avoided by sticking to sheltered or wind-scoured areas..

 

Wind Slab avalanche. Winds blew from left to right. The area above the ridge has been scoured, and the snow drifted into a wind slab on the slope below.

 

Wind slabs can take up to a week to stabilize. They are confined to lee and cross-loaded terrain features and can be avoided by sticking to sheltered or wind scoured areas.

Aspects: North, North East, East, South East.

Elevations: Alpine, Treeline.

Likelihood: Possible

Expected Size: 1 - 1

Storm Slabs

Release of a soft cohesive layer (a slab) of new snow that breaks within the storm snow or on the old snow surface. Storm-slab problems typically last between a few hours and few days. Storm-slabs that form over a persistent weak layer (surface hoar, depth hoar, or near-surface facets) may be termed Persistent Slabs or may develop into Persistent Slabs.

 

You can reduce your risk from Storm Slabs by waiting a day or two after a storm before venturing into steep terrain. Storm slabs are most dangerous on slopes with terrain traps, such as timber, gullies, over cliffs, or terrain features that make it difficult for a rider to escape off the side.

 

Storm slabs usually stabilize within a few days, and release at or below the trigger point. They exist throughout the terrain, and can be avoided by waiting for the storm snow to stabilize.

Aspects: All aspects.

Elevations: All elevations.

Likelihood: Possible

Expected Size: 1 - 1

Cornices

Cornice Fall is the release of an overhanging mass of snow that forms as the wind moves snow over a sharp terrain feature, such as a ridge, and deposits snow on the downwind (leeward) side. Cornices range in size from small wind lips of soft snow to large overhangs of hard snow that are 30 feet (10 meters) or taller. They can break off the terrain suddenly and pull back onto the ridge top and catch people by surprise even on the flat ground above the slope. Even small cornices can have enough mass to be destructive and deadly. Cornice Fall can entrain loose surface snow or trigger slab avalanches.

 

Cornices can never be trusted and avoiding them is necessary for safe backcountry travel. Stay well back from ridgeline areas with cornices. They often overhang the ridge edge can be triggered remotely. Avoid areas underneath cornices. Even small Cornice Fall can trigger a larger avalanche and large Cornice Fall can easily crush a human. Periods of significant temperature warm-up are times to be particularly aware.

 

A corniced ridgeline. A large cornice has formed at the top of the ridge. A smaller cornice has formed to the left of the trees from crossloading.

Cornices are easy to identify and are confined to lee and cross-loaded ridges, sub-ridges, and sharp convexities. They are easiest to trigger during periods of rapid growth (new snow and wind), rapid warming, and during rain-on-snow events. Cornices often catch people by surprise when they break farther back onto flatter areas than expected.

Aspects: North, North East, East, South East.

Elevations: Alpine, Treeline.

Likelihood: Likely

Expected Size: 1 - 2