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Archived

Avalanche Forecast

Dec 13th, 2018–Dec 14th, 2018
Alpine
4: High
The avalanche danger rating in the alpine will be high
Treeline
4: High
The avalanche danger rating at treeline will be high
Below Treeline
3: Considerable
The avalanche danger rating below treeline will be considerable
Alpine
4: High
The avalanche danger rating in the alpine will be high
Treeline
3: Considerable
The avalanche danger rating at treeline will be considerable
Below Treeline
3: Considerable
The avalanche danger rating below treeline will be considerable

Regions: Cascades - North West.

Avalanches are continuing to occur and more precipitation is on the way. It will be very dangerous in the backcountry Friday. Stay away from anywhere avalanches can start, run, or stop, including flat areas with steep slopes above.

Discussion

Avalanche Summary

Many natural and triggered avalanches were reported from the Baker area Thursday. Some of these were very large and destructive. This is the fourth straight day we have had avalanches reported in this region. This avalanche cycle has been and will continue to be very dangerous. Avalanche observations like this are the easiest information to understand. This is a good time to dial it way back.

Snowpack Discussion

Regional Synopsis 20181213

Winter is here.

A productive winter storm pattern has elevated the avalanche danger and provided an interesting start to the season.  

A quick breakdown:

  • Tuesday and Wednesday saw a significant localized avalanche cycles.

  • We have a lot of new snow...2’ to 5’ above 4500ft.

  • We’ve gotten a lot of wind.

  • We have weak layers near the ground.

Dangerous avalanche conditions will persist over the next couple of days. That said, it is early season and the flavor of avalanche you may run into is likely a function of elevation, timing, and dumb luck.

Here are some basic emerging patterns:

  • Snowfall totals so far this week (Monday morning to Thursday evening) illustrate more recent snowfall in the north than the south:

    • Mt. Baker: 55”

    • Washington Pass: 29”

    • Stevens Pass: 37”

    • Snoqualmie Pass: 28”

    • Paradise: 38”

    • Mt. Hood Meadows: 13”

  • Upper versus Lower Elevations: The change in the snowpack is still pretty dramatic with elevation. Height of snow decreases rapidly below 4500’ at Baker and Washington Pass, 5500’ at Crystal/Rainier. The Passes have better low elevation coverage, but it's still pretty thin below 4000’. With additional warm storms in the forecast, this pattern is expected to continue for awhile.

  • East versus West: Loading along the East slope has been more incremental, and a  variety of buried facet and surface hoar layers may be found. This is most pronounced near WA Pass. Although significant snowfalls and precip totals have resulted in thicker, more homogeneous snowpack in the western zones, lingering weak layers near the ground will persist through the week.

The uncertainty of how reactive our buried weak layers are will carry into the weekend. Be cautious and get home safe.

 

Avalanche Problems

Persistent Slabs

Persistent Slabs can be difficult to assess and predict. We need to give them a high level of respect and stay well away from avalanche terrain. In the Baker area 4-6 feet of settled snow now sits atop a layer of weak sugary facets and/or buried surface hoar. If you trigger this layer a resulting avalanche may be very large and destructive. Persistent Slabs avalanches can sometimes act in surprising ways. You may be able to trigger these avalanches remotely. Avalanches can travel down into flat terrain and lower elevation bands.

Release of a cohesive layer of soft to hard snow (a slab) in the middle to upper snowpack, when the bond to an underlying persistent weak layer breaks. Persistent layers include: surface hoar, depth hoar, near-surface facets, or faceted snow. Persistent weak layers can continue to produce avalanches for days, weeks or even months, making them especially dangerous and tricky. As additional snow and wind events build a thicker slab on top of the persistent weak layer, this avalanche problem may develop into a Deep Persistent Slabs.

 

The best ways to manage the risk from Persistent Slabs is to make conservative terrain choices. They can be triggered by light loads and weeks after the last storm. The slabs often propagate in surprising and unpredictable ways. This makes this problem difficult to predict and manage and requires a wide safety buffer to handle the uncertainty.

 

This Persistent Slab was triggered remotely, failed on a layer of faceted snow in the middle of the snowpack, and crossed several terrain features.

Persistent slabs can be triggered by light loads and weeks after the last storm. You can trigger them remotely and they often propagate across and beyond terrain features that would otherwise confine wind and storm slabs. Give yourself a wide safety buffer to handle the uncertainty.

Aspects: All aspects.

Elevations: All elevations.

Likelihood: Very Likely

Expected Size: 2 - 2